Immunisation
UNIVERSAL IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMME- Immunization Programme is one of the key interventions for protection of children from life threatening conditions, which are preventable. It is one of the largest immunization programme in the world and a major public health intervention in the country.
- Immunization Programme in India was introduced in 1978 as Expanded Programme of Immunization (EPI)
- The programme gained momentum in 1985 and was expanded as Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) to be implemented in phased manner to cover all districts in the country by 1989-90.
- UIP become a part of Child Survival and Safe Motherhood Programme in 1992 Since, 1997, immunization activities have been an important component of National Reproductive and Child Health Programme and is currently one of the key areas under National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) since 2005
- Under the Universal Immunization Programme, Government of India is providing vaccination to prevent seven vaccine preventable diseases i.e.
- Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Polio, Measles, severe form of Childhood Tuberculosis and Hepatitis B, Hiaemophilus influenza type b (Hib) and Diarrhea
The Vaccination Schedule under the UIP
National Immunization Schedule | ||||
| Vaccine | When to give | Dose | Route | Site |
For Infants | ||||
| BCG | At birth or as early as possible till one year of age | 0.1ml (0.05ml until 1 month of age) | Intra -dermal | Left Upper Arm |
| Hepatitis B Birth dose | At birth or as early as possible within 24 hours | 0.5 ml | Intramuscular | Anterolateral side of mid thigh-LEFT |
| OPV Birth dose | At birth or as early as possible within the first 15 days | 2 drops | Oral | - |
| OPV 1,2 & 3 | At 6 weeks, 10 weeks & 14 weeks | 2 drops | Oral | - |
| IPV (inactivated Polio Vaccine) | 14 weeks | 0.5 ml | Intramuscular | Anterolateral side of mid thigh-RIGHT |
| Pentavelant 1,2 & 3 | At 6 weeks, 10 weeks & 14 weeks | 0.5 ml | Intramuscular | Anterolateral side of mid thigh-LEFT |
| Rota Virus Vaccine | At 6 weeks, 10 weeks & 14 weeks | 5 drops | Oral | - |
| Measles 1st Dose | 9 completed months-12 months. (give up to 5 years if not received at 9-12 months age) | 0.5 ml | Subcutaneous | Right Upper Arm |
| Vitamin A, 1st Dose | At 9 months with measles | 1 ml (1 lakh IU) | Oral | - |
For children | ||||
| DPT 1st booster | 16-24 months | 0.5 ml | Intramuscular | Anterolateral side of mid thigh-LEFT |
| OPV Booster | 16-24 months | 2 drops | Oral | |
| Measles 2nd dose | 16-24 Months | 0.5 ml | Subcutaneous | Right Upper Arm |
| Vitamin A (2nd to 9th dose) | 16 months with DPT/OPV booster, then, one dose every 6 month up to the age of 5 years) | 2 ml (2 lakh IU) | Oral | - |
| DPT 2nd Booster | 5-6 years | 0.5 ml. | Intramuscular | Left Upper Arm |
| TT | 10 years & 16 years | 0.5 ml | Intramuscular | Upper Arm |